Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
French
longtemps
←
English
long time
(cognate)
←
French
long
(compound)
←
French
temps
(compound)
←
Old French
lonc tans
(mention)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dlongʰos
(derived)
→
Norman
laongtemps
(cognate)