Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
French gâteau
Old English wist (cognate)
English wastel (mention)
Middle French gasteau (inherited)
Old French gastel (inherited)
Proto-Germanic *wastilaz (derived)
Proto-Indo-European *wes- (derived)

English gateau (borrowed)
English wastel (cognate)
Middle Armenian գաթայ (cognate)
Seychellois Creole gato (derived)
Middle English wastel (cognate)
Spanish gato (borrowed)
Japanese ガトー (borrowed)
Mauritian Creole gato (derived)
Vietnamese ga tô (borrowed)