Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
French
Poitou
←
Latin
Pictāvus
(inherited)
→
English
Poitou
(unadapted borrowing)
→
French
Poitou-Charentes
(affix)
→
French
poitevin
(affix)