Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Fala
por
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pro-
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*per-
(mention)
←
Latin
prō
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
por
(inherited)