Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Estonian ala-
← Finnish ala- (cognate)
← Proto-Finnic *ala (inherited)
← Hungarian alatt (cognate)
← Proto-Uralic *ëla (derived)

→ Estonian alus (affix)
→ Estonian alalõug (affix)
→ Finnish ala- (cognate)
→ Ingrian ala- (cognate)