Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
sonar
←
English
sonar
(borrowed)
←
Spanish
sónar
(alter)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*swen-
(derived)
←
Latin
sonāre
(inherited)
←
Latin
sonō
(mention)
←
Old Spanish
sonar
(inherited)
→
Spanish
son
(mention)
→
Spanish
son
(link)
→
Spanish
sonante
(affix)
→
Spanish
sonador
(affix)
→
Friulian
sunâ
(cognate)
→
Ido
sonar
(derived)