Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
presidio
←
Latin
praesidium
(derived)
→
English
presidio
(borrowed)
→
Catalan
presidi
(cognate)
→
Spanish
presidiario
(affix)