Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
pámpano
←
Latin
pampinus
(inherited)
→
English
pompano
(borrowed)
→
Spanish
despampanar
(affix)
→
Galician
pampo
(cognate)