Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Spanish leño
← Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-no- (derived)
← Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (mention)
← Latin lignum (inherited)

→ Spanish leñoso (suffix)
→ Spanish leñame (mention)
→ Spanish leñazo (affix)
→ Italian legno (cognate)