Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
lastrar
←
Old English
hlæst
(cognate)
←
German
Last
(cognate)
←
English
ballast
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*hlastuz
(derived)