Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
infarto
←
English
infarct
(cognate)
←
Latin
īnfartus
(derived)
→
Spanish
infartarse
(affix)
→
Spanish
preinfarto
(prefix)