Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Spanish empalar
Catalan empalar (cognate)
Spanish en- (affix)
Spanish palo (affix)
Spanish -ar (affix)
French empaler (cognate)
Italian impalare (cognate)
Latin impālō (mention)
Latin pālus (inherited)
Romanian împăra (cognate)

Spanish empalamiento (affix)
Ido empalar (derived)
Italian impalare (cognate)
Portuguese empalar (borrowed)