Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Spanish degollar
English decollate (cognate)
Spanish cuello (cognate)
Latin decollāre (inherited)
Latin dēcollō (mention)
Latin dē- (affix)
Latin collum (affix)
Latin (affix)

Spanish degüello (mention)
Spanish degollamiento (affix)
Spanish degolladero (affix)