Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Spanish cordillera
English cord (cognate)
Old Spanish cordilla (inherited)
Old Spanish cordiella (mention)
Old Spanish cuerda (mention)

English cordillera (borrowed)
Spanish precordillera (prefix)
Spanish cordillerano (affix)
French cordillère (borrowed)
Portuguese cordilheira (borrowed)