Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
cogollo
←
English
cowl
(cognate)
←
Latin
cucullus
(inherited)
→
Spanish
cogollito
(affix)
→
Spanish
descogollar
(affix)