Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
chiquero
←
Spanish
cirquero
(doublet)
←
Latin
circus
(derived)
←
Mozarabic
čirkáir
(borrowed)
→
Spanish
enchiquerar
(affix)