Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
catapulta
←
Spanish
catapultar
(link)
←
Ancient Greek
καταπέλτης
(derived)
←
Latin
catapulta
(borrowed)
→
Spanish
catapultar
(suffix)