Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Spanish -dad
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts (inherited)
Latin -tātem (inherited)
Latin -tās (mention)
Old Spanish -dat (inherited)

Spanish argentinidad (affix)
Spanish desigualdad (affix)
Spanish agresividad (affix)
Spanish aplicabilidad (affix)
Spanish airosidad (affix)
Spanish disconformidad (affix)
Spanish insostenibilidad (affix)
Spanish inexpresividad (affix)
Spanish merindad (affix)
Portuguese necedade (affix)