Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Esperanto
Kolonjo
←
French
Cologne
(borrowed)
←
Latin
Colōnia Agrippīna
(derived)
←
Latin
colōnia
(mention)
→
Esperanto
kolonjakvo
(compound)