Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Middle English begalewen
Old English āgælwed (cognate)
Old English āgelwan (cognate)
Old English a-gælwed (mention)
Old English geal(-g) (mention)
Middle English bi- (affix)
Middle English *galewen (affix)
Proto-Germanic *gálx (derived)
Proto-Germanic *galg (mention)
Ancient Greek καλχαίνω (cognate)
Ancient Greek κάλχη (mention)
Proto-Indo-European *g(')hAlk(')h- (derived)

English gallow (mention)
Scots gleg (cognate)
Old Irish glicc (cognate)