Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Middle English
adle
←
Old English
ādl
(inherited)
←
Proto-Germanic
*aidlō
(inherited)
→
English
disease
(cognate)
→
English
adle
(derived)