Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
yarmulke
←
Latin
amictus
(cognate)
←
Polish
jarmułka
(derived)
←
Turkish
yağmurluk
(derived)
←
Yiddish
יאַרמלקע
(borrowed)
→
Japanese
ヤムルカ
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
quipá
(link)