Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
valor
←
Middle English
valour
(inherited)
←
Spanish
valor
(cognate)
←
Spanish
valer
(mention)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₂welh₁-
(root)
←
Latin
valor
(derived)
→
English
u
(mention)
→
English
v
(mention)
→
English
valorless
(suffix)