Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
thallus
←
Ancient Greek
θαλλός
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dʰal
(derived)
→
English
thallophyte
(suffix)
→
English
hypothallus
(prefix)
→
English
perithallus
(prefix)