Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
substratum
←
Proto-Indo-European
*sterh₃-
(root)
←
Latin
substrātus
(derived)
←
Latin
substernō
(mention)
→
English
substrate
(mention)
→
English
substratal
(suffix)