Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
English spinose
Proto-Indo-European *spey- (root)
Latin spinōsus (borrowed)

English bispinose (prefix)
English spinosely (suffix)
English aspinose (prefix)
English nonspinose (prefix)
English spinoseness (suffix)