Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
sourdough
←
German
Sauerteig
(cognate)
←
English
sour
(compound)
←
English
dough
(compound)
←
Middle English
soure dogh
(inherited)
←
Middle English
soure dowhe
(mention)
←
Middle English
soure dowʒ
(mention)