Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
soldan
←
Arabic
سُلْطَان
(derived)
←
English
sultan
(doublet)
←
Middle English
soudan
(inherited)
←
Old French
soudan
(derived)
→
English
sultan
(doublet)