Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
English shorten
Old English sċortian (inherited)
English short (affix)
English -en (affix)
Middle English shortnen (inherited)
Middle English schortenen (mention)
Middle English schorten (inherited)
Proto-Germanic *skurtōną (inherited)

English abbreviate (link)
English compress (link)
English contract (link)
English lower (link)
English foreshorten (prefix)
English foreshorten (affix)
English shortener (suffix)
English shortenable (suffix)
English overshorten (prefix)
English shorteneth (suffix)
English shortenest (suffix)
English unshorten (prefix)