English perturbation

← Middle French perturbation (borrowed)

← Old French perturbacion (derived)

← Latin perturbatio (derived)

→ English perturbational (suffix)

→ English photoperturbation (prefix)

→ English preperturbation (prefix)

→ English reperturbation (prefix)

→ English subperturbation (prefix)

→ Chinese 攝動 (calque)