Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
penological
←
English
penology
(suffix)
←
English
ical
(suffix)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*kʷey-
(root)
→
English
penologically
(suffix)