Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
English nitty-gritty
Proto-Germanic *greutą (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd- (root)
Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd- (derived)

English nitty (mention)
English pith (link)
English grits (link)