Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
impenetrable
←
Middle French
impenetrable
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pen-
(root)
←
Latin
impenetrabilis
(derived)
→
English
impenetrably
(suffix)
→
English
impenetrableness
(suffix)