Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
hot-brain
←
Old English
hātheort
(cognate)
←
English
hot
(compound)
←
English
brain
(compound)
→
English
hothead
(cognate)