Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
extraterrestrial
←
English
extra-
(affix)
←
English
terrestrial
(affix)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ters-
(root)
→
English
extraterrestrially
(suffix)
→
English
nonextraterrestrial
(prefix)
→
English
extraterrestrialness
(suffix)
→
English
extraterrestrialization
(suffix)
→
German
extraterrestrisch
(cognate)
→
Greek
εξωγήινος
(calque)