Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
dux
←
English
duke
(doublet)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dewk-
(root)
←
Latin
dux
(borrowed)
→
English
duke
(doublet)