Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
duchy
←
English
ducat
(doublet)
←
Middle English
duche
(inherited)
←
Old French
duc
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dewk-
(root)
←
Latin
dux
(derived)
→
English
ducat
(doublet)