Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
ceilidh
←
Irish
céilí
(borrowed)
←
Scottish Gaelic
cèilidh
(borrowed)
←
Old Irish
céile
(derived)
→
Welsh
cilydd
(cognate)