Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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English castigate
English chastise (doublet)
English chaste (link)
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- (root)
Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (derived)
Latin castīgātus (borrowed)
Latin castīgō (mention)
Latin castus (mention)

English tush (link)
English castigator (suffix)
English castigateth (suffix)
English castigatest (suffix)
Dutch kastijden (cognate)