Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Westphalia
←
German
Westfalen
(derived)
→
English
North Rhine-Westphalia
(compound)
→
English
Westphalian
(affix)