Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Madeira
←
English
matter
(doublet)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*méh₂tēr
(derived)
←
Latin
materia
(derived)
←
Portuguese
Madeira
(borrowed)
←
Portuguese
madeira
(derived)
→
English
matter
(doublet)
→
English
Madeiran
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
madeira
(link)