Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Geat
←
Old English
Ġēat
(derived)
←
Proto-Germanic
*gautaz
(derived)
→
Swedish
Göteborg
(link)
→
Swedish
Götaland
(cognate)