Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Curtis
←
French
courtois
(cognate)
←
Old French
corteis
(derived)
←
Old French
curteis
(mention)
→
English
Curtisland
(compound)