Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Middle Dutch stat
Middle Dutch stēde (mention)
Proto-West Germanic *stadi (inherited)
Old Dutch stat (inherited)
Old Dutch stedi (inherited)

Afrikaans stad (inherited)
Middle Dutch hovetstat (compound)
Dutch stad (inherited)
Dutch hoofdstad (compound)
Dutch stedelijk (affix)