Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
German
kasteien
←
Middle High German
kestigen
(cognate)
←
Middle Low German
kastīen
(borrowed)
←
Old High German
kestigōn
(cognate)
←
Latin
castīgō
(derived)
←
Dutch
kastijden
(cognate)
→
German
Kasteiung
(suffix)