Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Danish
spartaner
←
German
Spartaner
(derived)
←
Latin
Spartānus
(derived)
←
Latin
Sparta
(affix)
←
Latin
-ānus
(affix)