Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
rhyd
←
Breton
red
(cognate)
←
Proto-Brythonic
*rrɨd
(derived)
←
Proto-Celtic
*ɸritus
(derived)
←
English
ford
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pértus
(inherited)
←
Cornish
rys
(cognate)
←
Latin
portus
(cognate)
←
Old Welsh
rit
(inherited)
→
English
Penrith
(cognate)
→
Welsh
Rhydychen
(affix)