Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
paladr
←
Proto-Celtic
*kʷalatros
(derived)
←
Old Irish
celtair
(cognate)
→
English
spear penny
(mention)
→
Welsh
ceiniog baladr
(mention)
→
Welsh
dibaladr
(affix)