Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
go
←
Proto-Brythonic
*gwo-
(inherited)
←
Proto-Celtic
*uɸo-
(inherited)
←
Old Welsh
guo-
(inherited)
←
Middle Welsh
gwo-
(inherited)
→
Welsh
gogledd
(prefix)
→
Welsh
golosg
(compound)
→
Welsh
gody
(prefix)