Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
glyn
←
Proto-Brythonic
*glɨnn
(inherited)
←
Proto-Celtic
*glendos
(inherited)
→
English
glen
(cognate)
→
English
glyn
(borrowed)
→
English
Glendower
(mention)
→
English
Glyn Ceiriog
(derived)
→
Old Irish
glenn
(cognate)